Management and organizational behaviour

The board and hierarchical conduct Free Online Research Papers I was working for the Head Office of a south area auxiliary of JSC â€Å"BTA Bank† (BTA) for a long time. BTA is one of the main banks in Kazakhstan, which has 22 auxiliaries and 230 branches everywhere throughout the nation. Our auxiliary had 130 workers, the fundamental domain being retail banking, which comprised of home loan advances, credit line, automobile advances, express credit and charge card offices. During that time, â€Å"Raya† held the situation of â€Å"Supervisor† in the home loan office, where regulated 10 individuals. Because of the crude size of the gathering, a well disposed and strong working environment inside the gathering was set up, which proceeded much after work hours. Despite the fact that the gathering got a similar compensation, the gathering worked in concordance and harmony. Consequently, the gathering reliably met deals targets and accomplished execution effectiveness, positioning higher than changing divisions selling diverse financial items. The status inside the gathering started experiencing changes during the pinnacle of financial turn of events, in which the interest for contract advances expanded forcefully, causing the volume of work and working hours to increment without the arrangement of additional time pay. Grievances emerged inside the gathering with respect to the divergence between the high volume of work and extra unpaid working hours. In the wake of talking about staff grumbles with the board, bunch size was extended to 15 individuals, and last an additional part was added to Raya’s gathering; Klara. At 22 years old, the last had recently filled in as Head of the â€Å"Express Credit† division, yet was downgraded because of low deals and disappointment experienced by her subordinates. In her past position, Klara was known to be a functioning and amiable individual, inclined to providing requests to individuals. A nearby relative of the administration, Klara took the situation of the primary a uthority, be that as it may, keeping her old compensation. As indicated by Raya’s various obligations, all preparation duties were designated to an accomplished director named â€Å"Indi†. After Klara’s trial period, her presentation was seen as incredibly frail; more vulnerable than anticipated. The latter’s reluctance to learn was additionally considered. Thus, Raya broadened her preparation period by adding Klara to her current gathering of specialists, all things considered learning the nuts and bolts of home loan items and the selling procedure. Also, Klara was late pretty much consistently without illuminating her director. The previous was given alerts on a few events which end up being inadequate. This example of conduct influenced her whole office contrarily. Some of her gathering individuals in this way started to mirror her unpunctuality. On a specific event, Klara was missing for a large portion of a day. This conduct was talked about among her and Raya in the agent director’s bureau, concerning past offenses. Incapable to disregard this and resolved not to hold up until the planned workforce gathering, Raya assembled a crisis conference promptly to help staff to remember the states of their business, with accentuation set on dependability. Unadvised postponement in BTA is deserving of a 5-15% compensation finding, while an overabundance of three separate events of non-appearance brings about the end of one’s agreement. In this manner, the issue of truancy was apparently unraveled; Raya and the staff clearly showing up at a shared understanding. Certain idiosyncrasies and attitudinal components which usurped the organization code of morals were show in Klara, for example, snickering boisterously improperly before customers, diverting others from their work, the use of the organization line for individual use, etc. All in all, the blend of these elements influenced the gathering and gathering elements definitely. The home loan office experienced low employment fulfillment, low efficiency and low inspiration, both when her takeoff from the organization. Another influence was clarified in organization benefits; our area of expertise specifically making encountering a decrease in deals of 40%, which was joined by deterioration in the estimation of client support gave by the gathering. Effect of Events on Attitudes and Perceptions Perspectives and discernment at work are significant basically on the grounds that, straightforwardly or by implication, they influence work conduct (Nelson Quick 2007). It has been uncovered that mentalities are evaluative proclamations †either ideal or horrible †about items, individuals or occasions, which reflect how we feel about something (Robbins et.al 2009). Other creator debates this announcement as a demeanor is an inclination to react in positive or negative manner to a person or thing in our condition (Wood et.al 2010). On account of Klara, one may watch the negative mentality towards her activity, for example, her unpunctuality, reluctance to pick up, chatting on the telephone, interruption of partners from their day by day errands and such. One reason of her bad conduct might be gotten from her disappointment with â€Å"psychological contract†. In different research discoveries of Bloisi, Cook Hunsaker (2007) when individuals enter to associations and occupations they bring their own assumptions regarding what they should contribute and what they will get accordingly, a lot of called desires called a â€Å"psychological contract†. Thusly, people give such characteristics as their aptitudes, exertion, time, dedication and pledge to an association. In return, the association offers such things as pay, security, openings and advantages to fulfill such thought processes as requirement for accomplishment, force, status and connection (Bloisi, CookHunsaker 2007). As appeared in the situati on, Klara in her past situation as administrator of the express credit division was unequivocally arranged to providing orders. Subsequently, a requirement for force and status created. During the time spent her downgrade, Klara was under the management of Raya. Clearly Klara harbored disappointment with her newly discovered position. The discoveries of David Guest and Neil Conway (2001) express that both the individual and association feel fulfilled on the off chance that they see the mental agreement to be reasonable. Expressed beneath is the meaning of â€Å"perception†: As indicated by Nelson and Quick (2008), recognition includes the manner in which we see our general surroundings and it is simply the essential vehicle through which we get ourselves and environmental factors. Robbins (2009) remarks discernment is a procedure by which people sort out, and decipher their tactile impressions so as to offer importance to condition. What one sees can be considerably not the same as target reality. The distinctions in recognitions in associations have sway on an authoritative result (Schyns, B Wolfram, HJ 2008). Figure1. The perceptual procedure: from improvements to conduct Source: Wendy Bloisi, Curtis W. Cook, Philip L.Hunsaker, Management Organizational Behavior, second version, Mc Graw Hill Education, UK. To sum up, understanding the observation procedure (Fig1) furnishes directors with a superior comprehension of why individuals see things in specific manners and why discernments vary. This empowers administrators to manage such contrasts and limit a portion of the â€Å"distortions† that happen. The subsequent explanation might be gotten from disappointment of her present place of employment, and by and large, fulfilled laborers are progressively ordinary in participation and are more averse to be missing for unforeseen reasons (Wood et.el 2010). Furthermore, Robbins (2009) says that an individual with a significant level of occupation fulfillment holds constructive inclination about their activity, while a disappointed individual holds negative sentiments (Robbins, 2009). Klara demonstrated negative demeanor towards her activity, possibly she didn’t see any points of view from her present situation, because of she feel not happy with her work. The activity fulfillment is significant factor in working environment, since work fulfillment impacts non-appearance (Wood et.el 2010). Non-appearance is an enormous expense and interruption for bosses and it is clearly hard for an association to work easily and achieve its targets if representatives neglect to answer to their occupations. The work process is upset, and regularly significant choices must be deferred and non-appearance can be impressively more than interruption, it can result an uncommon decrease in the nature of yield in association (Robbins, 2009). Two Relevant Motivational Theories and effect of occasions in situation upon the inspiration of staff Inspiration is the way toward fulfilling inside requirements through activities and practices and worried about a composite of mental and physical drives, joined with the condition that causes individuals to act the manner in which they do. Its essence or nonattendance can be perceived by watching representative conduct (Ronald R.Sims 2002). The accompanying two inspirational hypotheses will be thought of: Hertzberg’s Two Factor Theory and Vroom’s Expectancy Theory. Content Theory †Hertzberg’s Two Factor Theory As per the Two Factor hypothesis of Frederick Herzberg individual is affected by two variables, which are: fulfillment and mental development was a factor of â€Å"motivational factors† and disappointment was an aftereffect of â€Å"hygiene factors† as appeared in figure 2. Figure2. Two factor Theory Herzberg Source: valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_herzberg_two_factor_theory.html As indicated by Two factor Theory †Herzberg (fig2) Klara was on first stage, she was disappointed and unmotivated, on the grounds that after downgrade from position she lost inspiration elements or helpers how it called by Herzberg. Herzberg says that inspiration factors are required so as to spur a worker into better and these components result from generators in representatives, and as appeared in fig3 regular inspiration factors include: accomplishment, acknowledgment for achievem

Abouts On The Great Depression :: essays research papers

Abouts On The Great Depression Shockingly the Great Depression fills in as a characteristic discussing point that "justifies" or "refutes" different monetary approaches. The Great Depression furthermore, the New Deal are intricate points that are available to numerous understandings. The Incredible Depression was the most noticeably terrible monetary droop ever in U.S. history, and one which spread to essentially the entirety of the industrialized world.      Seeing the request where occasions really happened dissipates numerous fantasies about the Great Depression. One of the best of these legends is that government mediation was liable for its beginning. Genuinely huge intercession started uniquely under the administration of Franklin Roosevelt in 1933, who was confirmed after the most noticeably terrible had just hit. In spite of the fact that his New Deal didn't fix it, all the main monetary markers improved during his residency.      To comprehend the Great Depression, it is imperative to know the speculations of John Maynard Keynes. Keynes is known as the "father of present day economics" since he was the first to precisely depict a portion of the causes and remedies for downturns and despondencies.      In a typical economy, Keynes stated, there is a round progression of cash. My spending turns out to be a piece of your income, and your spending turns out to be a piece of my income. For different reasons, be that as it may, this roundabout stream can flounder. Individuals begin storing cash when difficulties become out of hand; however times become harder when everybody begins storing cash. This breakdown brings about a downturn.      To get the roundabout progression of cash began once more, Keynes proposed that the national bank, the Federal Reserve System, ought to grow the cash flexibly. This would place more cash in individuals' grasp (through the multiplier impact), move buyer certainty, and force them to begin spending once more.      A melancholy, Keynes accepted, is a particularly serious downturn in which individuals crowd cash regardless of how much the national bank attempts to grow the cash gracefully. All things considered, he recommended that legislature ought to do what the individuals were not: begin going through cash. He considered this "priming the pump" of the economy. I feel that most financial analysts accept that solitary gigantic U.S. guard spending in anticipation of World War II restored the Great Depression.      After the accomplishment of Keyne's financial convictions were demonstrated, practically all free governments around the globe got Keynesian. These arrangements have drastically decreased the seriousness of downturns from that point forward, and seem to have totally wiped out the downturn from the individuals who follow such monetary convictions all through the world.                     Events of the 1920s      The Roaring Twenties were a time overwhelmed by Republican presidents: Warren Harding (1920-1923), Calvin Coolidge (1923-1929) and Herbert Hoover (1929-1933). Under their preservationist financial way of thinking of free enterprise

Cell Biology Essay Topics - How to Use Cell Biology Essay Topics to Generate an Original Writing Activity

Cell Biology Essay Topics - How to Use Cell Biology Essay Topics to Generate an Original Writing ActivityThe best way to generate an original and quality-written cell biology essay topic is to consider all the necessary aspects that the topic demands. In a nutshell, you need to explore all the possible alternatives that you can do to create an interesting writing activity.You must be sure that all the elements you include in your essay will be able to provide you with complete agreement with the topic. Your topic should be complete enough to clearly explain your thesis statement, to stimulate creative thinking and discuss topics that are useful for you.For instance, many students may give in to the urge to learn about the animals and insects as cell biology essay topics. So, if you have knowledge on them, it is very helpful for you. However, make sure that your knowledge of them is complete to facilitate your final project.If you are searching for great materials to learn all the bas ics, there are books that can assist you in doing so. Books have the advantage of being easy to access and you can just browse through them at your leisure. You can also try to obtain information from any bookshop or library.Once you find something that is suited to your current topics, you need to start from there. You need to consider the areas where you have knowledge. For instance, if you are not familiar with the word transcription, you might want to look for the literature on the subject.Another main advantage is that, you can keep practicing the written material over again until you get familiar with the principles and the style. This will help you avoid flubs and lapses.When you know the exact and adequate basis of cell biology, it is now time to think out how you can tackle the topic in a unique way. These tips and suggestions can help you to come up with an exciting cell biology essay topic.

Operation Desert Storm - Gulf War Summary

A Company s Strategic Planning Process - 1323 Words

A company’s strategic planning process can be quite extensive. According to the web page (The Strategic Planning Process, 2002 - 2010), in the 1970s, many large companies formalized the top-down strategic planning process. This process was a way that top executives could formulate the business strategy and then communicate it to the organization for putting it into practice. As stated in the textbook (Employee Benefits - A Primer for Human Resource Professionals, Fifth Edition, p. 17), this can include strategic planning for a benefits program which is the development of a successful benefits program. The basic strategic planning entails a series of judgments, made under uncertainty that companies direct toward making strategic decisions. This essay will touch on several various types of compensation and benefits programs that complement a company’s strategic planning process. One of the first types of benefit that will be discussed in this essay is Government-Mandated Social Security Programs which is talked about in chapter 7 of the textbook (Employee Benefits - A Primer for Human Resource Professionals, Fifth Edition, pp. 197-220). These types of programs can be considered as a complement to a company’s strategic planning process because of the laws that mandate certain aspects of employment within a company. The United States Government established Social Security and workers’ compensation insurance programs due to the social problems associated with chronicShow MoreRelatedManagement Planning and Ethics1121 Words   |  5 Pagesstate that planning is the conscious, systematic process of making decisions about goals and activities that an individual, group, work unit, or organization will pursue in the future (Planning and strategic management, p. 108). There are several levels in the planning process. 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The Orphan Train Movement free essay sample

A study of the orphan train movement that began in the USA at the beginning of the nineteenth century. This paper explores the strengths and weaknesses of the 19th century Orphan Train Movement. It gives a history of the movement, including the factors that contributed to its establishment. It looks at the reasons for the large number of orphans in New York and mentions the importance of the work of Reverend Charles Loring Brace. It also traces what happened to the children after their transportation and follows up on some of the orphan train riders still alive today. The Orphan Train Movement beginning in the nineteenth century was an attempt to correct certain social problems by moving orphaned children from New York to states further West, notably to Missouri, Indiana, and Kansas. The intent was to give these children a better life than they would have roaming the streets of New York or living in an orphanage. We will write a custom essay sample on The Orphan Train Movement or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For some, what they found was a better life, but for others, the result was often a form of indentured servitude for families who had taken them in and who expected them to work in return. Another consequence was that many of these children were cut off from all ties to whatever families they might have had and to their family history, for records were not well kept and have often been lost entirely. The program was set into motion by the Reverend Charles Loring Brace, and among the reasons were an increase in population due to immigration and a growth in crime, poverty, and disease in New York.

Operations Management Emirates Airline

Introduction Emirates Airline is based in Dubai. It deals with transport, communication and diverse production networks in many parts of the world. It is one of the most popular airlines across the globe.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Operations Management: Emirates Airline specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Emirates Airline’s business competitors comprise of Gulf Air, Fly Dubai, Etihad Airways, Deutsche Lufthansa, Air France – KLM, British Airways and Qatar Airways among others. Emirates Airline services are aimed at realising about one hundred and twenty flights across the world. The airline lays emphasis on upholding competitive and cost effective business approaches aimed at boosting customer satisfaction in the airline sector (Doganis, 2006: 7-24). The airline provides planned passenger and cargo schedules in 60 states. Emirates Airline’s fleets are over 130 airbuses and ten car go destinations. The airline operates 130 airbus freighters. The airline has experienced challenges related to corruption within the short period in which it has been in operation. Emirates Airline is fully committed to ensuring that it enhances the highest possible operational standards in all its endeavors. This mission statement has continued to guide the company’s performance and thus enabling it to win many prizes on excellence in all aspects of the company’s business in the travel, hotel and tourism industry (Evans Lindsay, 2010: 13-32). The diversification of Emirates’ cargo management and flight business technologies and management of travel agencies remain to be major aspects of Emirates’ business operations.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company’s strategy aims at enhancing the highest possible success strategies, expanding its operational network, recruitment of many employees ,effectively training and equipping them with the most relevant skills and increasing the number of aircrafts to one that would effectively serve the projected number of clients (Palmer et al, 2006: 43). The company’s success strategy aims at expanding its partnership approaches in the aviation industry and thus improving the security levels of both people and the cargo transported through the Emirates Airline’s transport system. Emirates Airline’s strategy is mainly aimed at ensuring that customers exploit the Emirate’s operational schedules by discovering new business ventures. Modern cabin features, efficient services when passengers are on board, effective driven transport systems and adoption of modernised and technologically advanced operational systems highlight the manner in which Emirates focuses on enhancing the reliability of its operations. The services help in enhancing profitab ility of the company and reliability to its customers (Nataraja Al-Aali, 2011; Kleymann Seristo, 2004: 58-76). Three key decisions Diversification of its business operations is one of the company’s major decisions that should be made. This decision is objectively aimed at ensuring that the company fully focuses on streamlining its business operations at all levels of the airline’s operations. The diversification of the company’s operations aims at having a constant focus on enhancing long –term sustainability and alignment of the company’s processes to the actual business activities. The activities are mainly undertaken in the organization.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Operations Management: Emirates Airline specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Adjustment of its operational mechanisms to cope with cost effective operational measures is important. This concept ensures that the services offered by the company do not become outdated or equated to organic business approaches. On diversification, the decision on expanding the organisation’s global business network of the diverse destinations has continued to be crucial and fundamental to the success of the company’s operations. The enhancement of fuel efficiency is another decision that has been emphasised by Emirates Airline. The decision on enhancement of fuel efficiency remains to be the foundation of Emirate’s strategy towards the full enhancement of effectiveness and implementation of cost effective business operations. The company focuses on recycling used technological devices such as personal computers, toners, printer cartridges and various electronic accessories. Fuel amounts to a great percentage of the company’s business output. At Emirates, The management fully understands the need to streamline Emirates Airline’s business processes hence creating a cul ture of self discipline and promoting a high level of efficiency, cost effectiveness and validity of business processes. The management’s decision on fuel consumption is strategically aimed at enhancing excellence and minimising operational costs. The decision is of great value as it enables the management to effectively address the prevailing challenges and resolve environmental problems (Kleymann and Seristo, 2004: 27-38). The Emirates Airline’s decision to employ light weight Kevlar Cargo sections of the company’s loading devices is a vital mechanism of promoting operational management, efficiency and realisation of quality management strategies.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The excellence strategy is a key decision arrived at by the Emirates Airline’s top level managers. This decision is focused on ensuring that the company not only boosts its clients’ levels but also enhances a high sense of efficiency and cost effectiveness. Emirates Airline has opted to fully focus on understanding in-depth research processes so as to streamline its operations. The company also addresses the decision to continuously implement excellence strategies by compelling all departments and airline sectors to utilize various quality management systems necessary to enhance a high sense of efficiency. This decision is also aimed at ensuring that the company’s elaborate integrated information systems and operational management strategies provide real time solutions to the challenges faced by the company. Emirates Airline’s realization of the company’s business venture focuses on the use of distinctive competency strategies. The distinctive busi ness strategies are aimed at minimizing the error rate and enhancing efficiency and cost effectiveness. This decision is addressed by understanding in-depth research processes on the market demands and emerging trends as well as undertaking intensive consultative business processes (Shaw, 2007: 67-85). Analysis Introduction of a process model The operations and business processes of the Emirates Airline play a crucial role in enhancing the level of efficiency and cost effectiveness of business processes. Emirates Airline’s process model encompasses a number of business processes aimed at enhancing efficiency and cost effectiveness Cargo and passenger transport is an effective business process aimed at enhancing greater level of business efficiency and cost effectiveness. Emirates Airline’s competitive model is crucial as it helps to ensure that business operations are streamlined. Emirates Airline’s operations have continued to be aligned to the free market comp etition model. The model focuses on the realization of a competitive business model aimed at enhancing business efficiency and cost effectiveness. The tasks to be modeled, which are the company’s operations management process, aim at enhancing excellence in the service provision endeavors. Operations in the airline industry in which Emirates Airline operates have remained complex yet very competitive. From the process of airline booking, assessment of cabin features, in-flight entertainment, management of the chauffeur driven cabs, communication to clients, provision of dining services, payment process, management of the booking service and provision of business rewards, it is evident that the Emirates Airline is an airline service provider that has many tasks under its business model. The scope of operations of the management is limited to the customer related services that are geared towards the provision of excellent airline services and thus promoting customer experience. The modeling is also aimed at enhancing reliability and authenticity of all relevant airline services. Diagram of processes within the main process(above) Description of each process in the diagram of section Different operational processes play a critical role in enhancing efficiency and improved business standards. Support and Maintenance.  Systems repair This process entails undertaking detailed system checkup, flight management and error evaluation mechanisms, ground cleanliness, alignment of business processes and enhancement of efficiency and maintenance of business operations. At Emirates Airline, ground support focuses on enhancing efficiency and streamlining business process that realize a high sense of efficiency. Support and maintenance processes are undertaken with the aim of enhancing efficiency and implementation of a streamlined business process. Ground operations.  Efficiency enhancment Emirates Airline’s ground operations focus on ensuring that the grou nd operations at Emirates’ airstrips and airports are conducive for the enhancement of efficiency and cost effectiveness. Repair of airplanes and maintenance of engines are the core businesses undertaken at this point. This business process is closely interlinked and interconnected across the different operational stations of Emirates Airline (General Review, 2006: 17-23). Support for environmental wellbeing is an important strategic operational mechanism employed by Emirates Airline. This aspect of the company’s strategic model focuses on enhancing efficiency, reliability, cost effectiveness and sustained business processes. The specific ground operations entail analyzing flight operations, maintenance of airlines and enhancement of business efficiency and undertaking customer care services. Quality Assurance and control.  Enforcement of standards Quality assurance and control strategies are vital mechanisms employed at Emirates Airline aimed at ensuring that the ai rline company remains competitive in the airline industry. These control approaches work towards enforcing efficient operational standards in all business activities undertaken by Emirates Airline. Flight Operations.  Actual flying Flight operations entail numerous business activities aimed at enhancing the level of efficiency and enriching customer experience. This process involves undertaking flight scheduling, actual customer flights, dispatching of customers and their luggage and streamlining communication at all levels of the airline company. At Emirates Airline, the process of flight operations is a critical and fundamental aspect of business operations aimed at enhancing business efficiency and cost effectiveness. Major business processes are accorded a lot of emphasis with regard to the need to improving reliability, accountability and business efficiency. However, with regard to flight operations, the specific aspect of dispatching has in the past faced numerous challenge s leading to the rescheduling of flights and the ultimate reengineering of major business processes associated with the dispatch of luggage. Management Science.  Research The practice of management science at Emirates Airline is a crucial business venture that has had profound impact on the manner in which business processes are undertaken. At Emirates Airline, research and scientific studies on management issues and customer related behaviors play a fundamental role in streamlining business operations. Research has continued to promote product efficiency and establishment of more realistic business strategies aimed at revealing possible challenges that can prevent the company from improving its already established competitive advantage. Security enhancement.  Anti terrorism strategies Based on the recent performance of Emirates Airline and the ultimate undertaking of various security agency processes, the process of promoting security is at the core of the airline’s oper ations. The management of the airline pays keen interest on the manner in which diverse business strategies can be enforced thus ensuring that security threats that can otherwise keep off clients are addressed in the most objective, efficient and customer friendly manner. Security coordination is a sensitive issue that has always been undertaken with a lot of caution. Besides various screening operations, monitoring of terrorism activities is a core function of the terrorism management process (Elliot, n. d: 1), Booking, Flight clearing and Auditing.  Customer Service Customer service remains to be a fundamental process aimed at streamlining business process at Emirates Airline. Streamlining of diverse security processes, enhancement of effective booking strategies and the constant practice of transparent clearing, forwarding and auditing remain key to the continued success of most customer related business processes. Emirates Airlines’ clients enjoy the most efficient serv ices intended to ensure that the company establishes a strong base of loyal and long-term clients. With the existence of a toll free telephone number, the company has been successful in its effort to ensure that all business processes are streamlined and reliable customer care mechanisms are maintained. Finance and Accounting.  Accountability Analysis of process Accounting procedures dictate that proper accounting standards and transparent financial management and accountability systems be enhanced. Emirates Airline Company has been on the forefront in adhering to the internationally recognized financial accounting standards. As a result, money management and enhancement of financial standards has been undertaken in an effective manner. Cash control, investment in the money market, cash flow control, effective allocation and management of the money management standards are vital in streamlining business procedures. Previously, maintenance of Emirates Airline’s flights was a major issue of concern at the company. Lack of an integrated customer care and plane maintenance system proved to be a challenge. It is evident that proper planning and allocation of resources was focused on ensuing that ULTRAMAIN maintenance and the use of integrated logistical calculation and splendid application software was vital to the success of the company. A lot of marketing ventures were traditionally undertaken by Emirates Airline with the view of popularizing the services offered by the airline. However, the emergence of the use of effective excellence strategies has immensely contributed to the continued success of Emirates Airlines’ reliability and cost effectiveness. Additionally, proper labor management plays a key role in ensuring that a greater level of efficiency is enhanced (Learmount, 2006: 29-41). Re-design Re-designation of Emirates Airline’s operations is focused on eliminating redundancy, streamlining business processes, utilizing skilled labor force and ensuring that the overall business productivity standards are improved at all levels of business processes. Diagram with changed process steps Operations and marketing processes are performed in a better way than the finance and accounting processes. Operations and marketing processes are more focused on streamlining business processes and enhancing a high level of accountability, reliability and cost effectiveness. Diagram changes The changes in the diagram are mainly focused on eliminating overheads while enhancing excellence and cost effectiveness in the business process. By integrating certain business processes, it is evident that the concept of focused business processes and the demand for business stakeholders to get value for their investment is crucial. The changes from the broad structure to the lean and integrated one aims at ensuring that the labor cost for the company is reduced, capital is increased while management efficiency is enhanced (Doganis, 2002: 5- 13). The proposed changes in the diagram also reveal that diversification of business services and constant innovation and establishment of modernised destinations is a major Emirates competitive strategy. Emirates Airline’s business strategies are aligned to a number of price reduction strategies in the long haul transport operations. Efficient process layout and automation of nearly all business processes are indicators of the planned strategy of enhancing efficiency and empowering employees that encouraging them to be creative and innovative (General Review, 2006: 17-23). As a strategy of ensuring that it benefits from the ready market of providing transport services to the high end clients, Emirates Airline has continued to employ the strategy of being competitive in terms of standards, luxury, long distance trips and establishment of a competitive market base on its operational efficiency (Doganis, 2002: 142-32). Based on the new diagram above, it is evident that possess ion of social overheads necessary to avail skilled and affordable labour, educating the masses and performing intellectual responsibilities by engaging professionals would boost Emirates Airline’s business performance. References Doganis, R 2002, Flying off course: the economics of international airlines, 3rd Ed. Routledge, New York. Doganis, R 2006, The airline business. 2nd Ed., Routledge, New York. Elliot, R n.d., Dubai: Terrorist Target? The magazine, Security Management, https://sm.asisonline.org/. Evans, J R Lindsay, W M 2010, Managing for Quality and Performance Excellence, South-Western Cengage Learning, Connecticut. General Review 2006, Emirates, American and Embraer, why are these three air industry companies beating the odds, Strategic Direction, vol. 22 no. 6, pp. 13-22. Kleymann, B Seristo, H 2004, Managing strategic airline alliances, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd, Washington. Learmount, D 2006, Emirates censured in Airbus A340 Johannesburg runway overrun probe, Fli ghtglobal, vol. 7 no. 3, pp. 23-31. Nataraja, S Al-Aali, A 2011, The Exceptional performance strategies of Emirates Airline, Competitveness Review, An International Business Journal, Vol. 21 No. 5,pp.11-18. Palmer et al 2006, Managing Marketing Performance, Butterworth- Heinemann, Edinburgh. Shaw, S 2007, Airline marketing and management, 6th Ed., Ashgate Publishing Ltd, Washington. This research paper on Operations Management: Emirates Airline was written and submitted by user Ella Salinas to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Habits and Traits of Box Elder Bugs

Habits and Traits of Box Elder Bugs Box elder bugs go relatively unnoticed most of the year. In fall, however, these true bugs have an annoying tendency to aggregate on peoples homes. As temperatures drop, box elder bugs make their way inside houses and other structures, seeking warmth. Then they get noticed, as worried homeowners try to battle the bug invaders. Should you find box elder bugs in your house, dont panic. Theyre completely harmless to people and property. All About Box Elder Bugs Adult box elder bugs measure about 1/2 inch long. Like several other red and black true bugs, box elder bugs are flat-backed and elongate. Behind its black head, a box elder bug has three lengthwise red stripes on its pronotum; these markings are characteristic of box elder bugs. Each wing is outlined in red on the outer edge and bears a diagonal red marking as well. Newly hatched box elder bug nymphs are bright red, with rounded abdomens. As they molt and age, black markings start to appear. Box elder bug eggs, laid in clusters, are golden or reddish brown. Classification of Box Elder Bugs Kingdom - AnimaliaPhylum - ArthropodaClass - InsectaOrder - HemipteraFamily - RhopalidaeGenus - BoiseaSpecies - trivittatus The Box Elder Bug Diet Adult box elder bugs feed on the sap of box elders, as well as other maple varieties, oaks, and ailanthus. They use piercing, sucking mouthparts to draw the sap from leaves, flowers, and seeds of these host trees. Box elder bug nymphs feed primarily on the seeds of box elder trees. The Box Elder Bug Life Cycle Box elder bugs undergo incomplete metamorphosis in three stages: Egg:Â  Females deposit clusters of eggs in bark crevices, on leaves, and on seeds of host plants in spring. Eggs hatch in 11-19 days.Nymph:Â  Nymphs go through five instars, changing from bright red to darker red with black markings as they molt.Adult: By mid-summer, the box elder bugs reach adulthood. In some areas, this new population of adults may then mate and lay eggs, resulting in a second generation before fall. Special Habits and Behaviors of Box Elder Bugs Box elder bugs aggregate in sunny places for warmth during fall. Adults overwinter in buildings, often in attics or inside walls. On sunny winter days, they may become active and cluster near windows or other warm areas of the home. Adults do not reproduce while overwintering in buildings. Like many other true bugs, box elder bugs produce a foul odor when crushed, so the worst thing you can do is try to squash them. Indoors, they may leave fecal stains on walls and draperies. Where Do Box Elder Bugs Live? (Besides Your House) Box elder bugs live in forests or other areas with deciduous trees, especially places where box elder trees grow. Boisea trivittatus, also known as eastern box elder bug, lives east of the Rocky Mountains in both the U.S. and southern Canada. The similar species Boisea rubrolineatus, western box elder bug, inhabits areas west of the Rockies. Other Common Names for Box Elder Bugs Box elder bugs are also known by the names: eastern box elder bug, boxelder bug, maple bug, democrat, politician bug, and populist bug.

Business Risk of HIH Insurance Limited Free-Samples for Students

The imperfect record of the financial report is responsible for the breakdown of the company which can be a threat to the business. The non-accurate accounting report can be a major reason for the failure of the business deals. When the company becomes able to submit the proper finance report, then that will define the improvement of the business, and the development of the annual finance report can descry the decreasing material quality which can be the cause of the business risk of HIH insurance limited. According to the auditor's lack of professionals can be a cause of the business risk. The infrastructure and the policies which are responsible for the poor and unreasonable decision can be a reason of great loss and the collapse of the HIH Insurance Company that can push the business to a pick of risk. Through the explanation of the factors, it is clear that this matter is responsible for the business risks. If the development of the money power can be demonstrated correctly, then it can be noticed that the implement of the credit is highly responsible for the business failure and the sales of the assets also a reason of the business risks (Bragg, 2013). The presence of unprofessional and inefficient staffs can be a reason of great loss for the business. Often the staffs were unable to find proper clients for investment or sometimes they engulfed all the money and did not submit the amount of money to the company which is truly harmful to any company.   When the premium is collected from the clients by companies for a long time, then it required a number of efficient workers which produce the shortage of money for the company the can be a reason of the business risks. When the company faced various kinds of risks, then the collapse situation arrived. Due to the lack of proper ethical guidelines and the absence of appropriate insurance policies, the increasing budgets become fall which can be a major risk factor that is affecting the HIH at finance report level. The risks occurring in the annual finance report level is one of the factors influencing the growth of the HIH Insurance and caused business risks. To identify the investment tolerance, it is necessary to clearly describe the implementation of the factors affecting the business risks. The proper protocol of the work and the individual investment shows a stability of the accounting theory of the business. The removal of the risk factors of the HIH Insurance Company it is necessary to separate the person based licensed investment which can be critical for the growth of the business finance report (Britton and Waterston, 2013). The replacement of the assets or the sale of the properties can be a factor affecting HIH Insurance annual report level. Many legal issues between the creditors and the clients can also be changing factor oh the business risks. The company needs to recruit dedicated employees because most of the times the lack of efficient and well-experienced members can also be a significant problem for the company which affecting the annual financial report level (Christensen, Cottrell and Budd, 2016). If suddenly any client denies continuing giving their premium then that will be very much affecting the development of the enterprise. The HIH Insurance annual report level is also influenced or affected by this factor. Insufficient responses to the high pressure and management rising inadequately in the international insurance market were the primary cause of the danger of the company that is the HIH insurance. The interest of many stakeholders that affected the misguiding or false statements was in print. The financial report of the perspective company depicted significant money owing leverage and cover liabilities, the money owing means solution risk of the particular company (Weil, 2017). Now the matter is why this so much irresponsible in such a manner, the directors of act boards are the main responsible for these unjust representations of the financial statements of the company. Only they are not the responsible accountants and auditors are the same responsibility for these false tasks of the monetary declarations of the enterprise (Dauber, 2005). Responsible for this breakdown of these management companies was presented as an evil financial system, the people or group was the same responsibi lity of this initial failure of the company. The clients were facing an enormous problems or losses for this inadequate responsibility. The company was paid responsible accountable to customers for losing their inadequate amount of money.   Not only that if clients think that they can take measures responsibility for the board of directors of the management and cover their insufficient loss of amount. The management's liability to the credit pay was due to the creditors lend money to the company. The company is answerable or pays the due amounts to the suppliers and other creditors. Defendant owes the applicant on the duty of care then the negligence or careless occurs, when the defeated breaches the duty of attention when the candidate suffers an injury or damage when it occurs when the damage or injury causation by the outcome of the violation of the duty of care. In a state of affairs where a specific person owes another obligation of care, causes several damages, injury, loss to each and the particular person. The action of negligence conducted by the accountants or some auditors was responsible for the collapse of the HIH insurance company as per reports. Determination by the court signifies that the breach of the duty of care by reviewing the standard of care, to avoid some causing injuries or harm is the duty of attention is the legal compulsion (Hill, 2012). The boards of directors were the main responsibility for the failure of the company, and it can be stated as breaching the trust duty of care. Therefore, the regulatory framework is not appropriately followed by the organization HIH due to which company had to make this harsh situation. According to the law, which regulates the business system all across Australia, it is instated that this kind of act is considered as a breach in the regime of an organization and is capable of punishment (Waterston, 2006). The company is liable to answer all its customers for the negligence in their behavioral aspect and this maybe another reason for the loss of trust in this organization of the people. Legislative system of the company needed to exhume for the augmentation of the business system. That is why The HIH wants to re-hire its former members of the external audit team. The abnormal development of the organization can be justified by its time of failure. The organization faced the situation due to the enhancement of work since the structuring of a project and reforms are illogically enhanced. It is very clear from this event that the company The HIH did not abide by the regulatory framework approved by the government of Australia and for this reason the organization had to take such harsh a decision (Horngren, 2013). Quite naturally, due to such disorientations in the construction of work, the auditor has blamed for unsuitable performances regarding his duties towards the company altogether. In such a condition, where the regulatory of the government was being challenged, the company was bound to be in the worst of situations (Shim, Siegel and Shim, 2012). It was only beca use of this, that the company needs to hire its ex-employees from the audit team to make a better performance out of them, and proper construction of work can be depicted which shows the enhancement of the works done together by the company so far. In this particular matter, the primary thing that had occurred due to the alteration of the auditing team in the HIH organization is an actual detailed depiction of the amount of work done so far had been reported. The amount of work done and the exact amount of work features can be easily illustrated due to the alteration of the entire auditing team and revamp it with a new team comprising of the ex-employees (Schroeder, Clark and Cathey, 2011). Thus, this new plan of action helps in the improvement of performance and allows proper planning of the research for the further benefit of the company. This had led to the development of profits of the organization in a massive way (Horngren, 2014). Also, the gap that had occurred in the balance of the company was dissolving, and the company was emerging more like a stable structure in the work ethics. The equilibrium that was necessary to maintain as an organization was once again in the process of restoration due to this strategy. Previou sly, the old auditors had breached many of the laws in presenting the financial accounts to the legislative authorities as they have presented many faulty records that had shown incorrect profit and loss, income, expenditure and balance in the finance system of the company (Horngren, 2013). However, the introduction of the new team of auditors who were previously appointed had a fresh start and new and legalized outlook in the business strategy and financial accounting department. The government of Australia has some standard laws regarding the practical ethics of an organization. It was reported by case studies that the HIH Company had desecrated these ethical standards (Schroeder, Clark and Cathey, 2011). The Board of Directors along with the auditors had been found guilty of producing unfair financial statements. According to the government of Australia, business ethics deals with the fair and inequitable means in an organization and any illegal or discriminatory conduct regarding the financial accounting of an organization is punishable as it is a vital aspect of an organization (Jones, 2013). It is considered that any illicit means adopted to represent a faulty financial accounting is the open gate in unlawful inflow or outflow of cash, illegal representation of income, expenditure, profit and loss, assets and liabilities. The guidelines regarding running a business organization are strict and breaching any one of them is liable to be punished for an offe nse. This behavior only represented a lack of integrity and negligence in carrying out the respective duties of the Board of Directors as well as the auditors. This only led to the downfall of the HIH Company. Since the rules and regulations are only meant for the well-being of the company (Libby, Libby and Short, 2012). Hence, it was very clear that the proper image of the company was tarnished and this affected the interest of many people in the organization.   CLERP 9 and Ramsay Report provide government approved guidelines on the proper preparation of a company’s financial statements and corporate ascendancy. The CLERP 9 is responsible for providing the information on the appropriate standards in the liabilities that occurs due to breaches in the system, the independence of an auditor, compliance controls, and the accounting standards (Oppermann, 2009). The auditors are to bridge the gap between the perspective and expectation of a user on the financial statement of an organization because an accountant prepares the financial declarations of the company and gives it a real standardization. Legislation will always provide clear concepts of representing the account practices of a company, and in no ways, these can be breached. As per the government authorized rules, both the internal and external auditors are equally responsible for maintaining the proper financial statements and the correct valuation of the company, but if these lin e of action is breached in any way, then they are to be blamed for failing in eliminating the misstatements found within the financial accounting (Powers and Needles, 2012). Bragg, S. (2013).  Accounting best practices, seventh edition. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons. Britton, A. and Waterston, C. (2013).  Financial accounting. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Christensen, T., Cottrell, D. and Budd, C. (2016).  Advanced financial accounting. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education. Dauber, N. (2005).  Generally accepted auditing standards. Mason, OH: Texere. Hill, J. (2012).  Colloidal Silver Medical Uses, Toxicology & Manufacture. Horngren, C. (2013).  Accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia. Horngren, C. (2013).  Financial accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia Group. Horngren, C. (2014).  Accounting. Toronto: Pearson Canada. Jones, M. (2013).  Accounting. Chichester: Wiley. Libby, R., Libby, P. and Short, D. (2012).  Financial accounting. Oppermann, H. (2009).  Accounting standards. Lansdowne: Juta. Powers, M. and Needles, B. (2012).  Financial accounting. [Mason]: South-Western, Cengage Learning. Schroeder, R., Clark, M. and Cathey, J. (2011).  Financial accounting theory and analysis. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Schroeder, R., Clark, M. and Cathey, J. (2011).  Financial accounting theory and analysis. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Shim, J., Siegel, J. and Shim, J. (2012).  Financial accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill. Waterston, C. (2006).  Financial Accounting. Pearson Education UK. Weil, R. (2017).  Financial accounting. [Place of publication not identified]: Cengage Learning.

Is It Too Much Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Is It Too Much - Term Paper Example Interestingly, children are major beneficiaries in this account. The role of computers and related technology on today’s children and childhood has had interesting developments in the recent years. The parental society of today while envisaging the hilarious impact that computers are going to have over the world in the future, are encouraging the access of the children of today to computers and its numerous applications. The society in that context is of the general view that for children to involve in this new and different world socially, economically, and politically they must acquire a certain level of comfort and competence in using computers. Trotter (1998, p.6-9) has indicated the popularity in the society on the providing support for children to have access to computers so as to enable them to learn adequate computer skills and improve their education. ‘Most parents believe that the Internet can help children with their homework and allow them to discover fascina ting, useful things, and that children without access are disadvantaged compared to those with in access’ (Turow, 1999, p.14-24). However the indiscriminate use and dependency on computers by children is alarming towards many long term consequences. When the use of computers becomes excessive and unmonitored it can adversely affect the physical, social and psychological development of children. The detrimental impact becomes more acute when the usage is coupled with other screen technologies like television and video games. While computers open up the window of access to enormous information, eventually it may expose children to long term health and psychological impact. In the ideal stages of character and personality development, the children must be properly monitored on what they learn and pursue and what they end up with the learning process. The essay is a trial to review the effects of prolonged computer usage on children. While pointing out

Racial and Ethnic Relations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Racial and Ethnic Relations - Assignment Example The reason is very obvious. No matter how modern and liberal we have become, we still have not been able to come out of the so-called pride and prejudice system regarding gender and race. In the workplaces and outside, women of Color are always treated as low class citizens. If we survey through organizations, we come to know that white men are given high level job positions while employees of Color, and especially women of another race or other underrepresented minority groups, are given low level positions due to which there often arise interpersonal conflicts and the overall organizational culture gets affected. Complaints by women of Color regarding discrimination are not even heard. Due to this fact, there are a lot of discrimination cases at workplaces that go unidentified because the victims are always sure that they will not be given an ear and their problem will never be solved. The reason for this is that the offender is always someone who is at a higher job level or is of the other gender. This makes the complainant apprehensive about the issue. Women of Color also have to undergo sexual harassment at times.

Essay on the Victorian View of Dover Beach -- Arnold Dover Beach Essay

The Victorian View of Dover Beach  Ã‚     Ã‚   As the narrator of Matthew Arnold's "Dover Beach" looks out his window, he sees a beautiful world of nature: the sea and the cliffs under the glow of the moon. Describing this scene to his lover, he invites her to "[c]ome to the window" so that she might see it too (6). However, it is not just a beautiful beach that the speaker wishes his lover to see. Rather, he wants her to see Dover Beach as an ironic image that is a representation of his whole world. Likewise Matthew Arnold wants his reader to recognize the speaker and scene as a portrait of Arnold's own world and feelings. What Arnold is writing about is not a poetic fiction: it is a reflection of the changes he sees in his world due to industrialism, science, and a rationalism that opposes traditional religious belief. While Arnold uses Dover Beach to represent this modern world of change, he creates a speaker to represent the tension that the poet and his fellow Victorians feel: while living in a modern world, they long for the great ages of the past. Like Arnold, the speaker feels isolated from the world around him: he looks out the window and "sighs for lost palaces beneath the sea" (Dahl 36). Initially, the beach that Arnold's speaker describes seems serene, calm, and peaceful. This is the Romantic world that the speaker (and Arnold) wants to live in. However, for Arnold the modern world can be peaceful only if natural order and the authority of social institutions can be maintained. Arnold's recognition of the futile illusion of such stability soon overcomes the sense of tranquility with which the poem opens. As the speaker begins to contemplate the scene and listens to the pebbles grating with the waves, an "... ...s the apparent pleasure offered by Dover Beach in the beginning. However, both the calmness and the violence of the beach, both the pleasure and the despair of the speaker, are true to the Victorian consciousness. Arnold and his speaker want the world to be one of peace and tranquility, but they cannot help but see its reality. This duality dramatizes the conflicted temperament of the Victorians. What Dover Beach as a place symbolizes to the narrator of the poem, "Dover Beach" as a poem expresses for Arnold and his Victorian audience. Works Cited Arnold, Matthew. "Dover Beach." 1867. A Pocketful of Poems. Ed. David Madden. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace, 1996. x. Dahl, Curtis. "The Victorian Wasteland." College English 16 (1955): 341-47. Rpt. in Victorian Literature: Modern Essays in Criticism. Ed. Austin Wright. New York: Oxford UP, 1961. 32-40.   

Advantages of Tourism in Cambodia

Members of Group: Toch Sovan Vichet (Christ Anderson) Mou Serei Rithy Huy Serey Pharo Hy Ly Ming Kim Lichou. Members of Group: Toch Sovan Vichet (Christ Anderson) Mou Serei Rithy Huy Serey Pharo Hy Ly Ming Kim Lichou. ID : 03021 Room : Aii 507 Time : 9:30 – 10:30 ID : 03021 Room : Aii 507 Time : 9:30 – 10:30 Advantages of Tourism Advantages of Tourism I n the world, there are a lot of countries to visited, and in one country there are a lot of tourisms that come from all over the world.Like in Cambodia a according to the Ministry of Tourism rate on 2013, Cambodia had welcome 1,500,000 tourisms that come from all over the world such as Korea, Japan, United Stated, French, Vietnam, Thai, Laos, Singapore, Africa, †¦ etc. Tourism is a collection of activities, services, and industries that deliver a travel experience including transportation, accommodation, eating and drinking, establishments, retail shops, entertainment businesses, activities, and other hospitality se rvices provided to individuals travelling away from home.Tourists are people who travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for more than twenty-four hours and not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other activities remunerated from within the place visited. Part from entertaining tourists, tourism has a number of advantages and disadvantages to the most common tourist areas. People working in the tourism sector have an advantage in that one gets to meet many new people from different parts of the world or country, which enhances social interaction, and creation of links with them.Another advantage is that tourism enhances foreign exchange where goods and services that are not available in this areas. Consequently, it creates an opportunity to market commodities from these areas in the regional and foreign markets. It also results to development and improvement of facilities and services, which is beneficial to the local people. Moreover, tour ism encourages the preservation and celebration of local festivals and cultural activities. When a local community, for instance, organizes a cultural dance to entertain visitors it ensures that such cultural activities will be sustained in the end.This is because it will attract tourist who are interested in cultural activities of different communities and the locals on the other hand will continue practicing them to attract the tourists and in turn benefit from their visit. In addition, tourism encourages the learning of new languages and skills. As tourists come around, they learn the local language as they interact with the locals, so do the people of this area learn the visitors' language. This promotes cultural exchange in a way. Both the tourist and the locals learn different languages that enhance communication between them and in turn better understanding Murphy.Tourism also provides direct employment to the people who work in various tourism attractions. Tourism relies on hotels, bars, curio shops, and shops. Therefore, people who are employed to run this spots benefit from employment. This translates to a considerable increase in the living standards of the people and a reduction in the rate of unemployment. It is understood that as the government works hard to promote tourism in a given area, it ensures that there is environmental protection such as prohibition of deforestation as forests in a particular area could serve as tourist site.Forests, water catchment areas, caves and other natural antiquities therefore need to be protected. This means that as the government provides resources to take care of these places, the locals also benefit. Tourism happens to have more advantages than the disadvantages and hence should be encouraged, both the tourists and the locals should be encouraged to be of benefit to each other and try to reduce the misshapen that might result from tourism and both parties benefit from each other. However, in some areas, the locals consider a visit by a foreigner as intrusion and often see them with suspicion.It its therefore necessary that such people be made aware that the tourists are up to no other interests and in the long run benefits from tourism accrue to the either directly or indirectly. There are a number of benefits of tourism for both the tourist and the host destination. On a large scale it offers a good alternative to some more destructive industries for generating income both on nationally and privately. In many places the introduction and development of tourism allows local people an opportunity for economic and educational growth that would not otherwise be available.In addition, it allows both the tourist and the local community  a chance to experience other cultures, which broadens understanding. If properly used, tourism generated income can be tremendously beneficial to the host country and its local communities. Tourism generated income can be used on a national and local level to better education, improve infrastructure, to fund conservation efforts, and to promote more responsible tourism. Harmful Impacts of Tourism are although tourism can be very beneficial, especially economically, to the host destination, there are many strings attached.Tourism inevitably brings with it environmental and cultural degradation. Though these impacts are closely entered twined, here they will be addressed separately. Environmental Impacts of Tourism are Tourism has vastly different faces, as different people enjoy different types of vacations. An all centric traveler would enjoy backpacking through a distant jungle with little more than the bare necessities while some people prefer a beach front luxury hotel with all the comforts and conveniences of  home.The introduction of the â€Å"mega resort† has been one of the most economically successful and environmentally destructive additions to the tourism industry. Large corporate owned resorts, which are usually ba sed in countries other than those in which they exist, rarely give back to the local communities on which they depend and thrive. More often than not, lower level positions such as maids, cooks, waiters, and bellhops are available to the local residents while upper level and management positions are reserved for corporate immigrants.Not only does heavy construction aid erosion (especially in tropical climates) but essentially, construction and development equals pollution. Tourist generated pollution comes from things such as rental car exhaust and oil leaks, machinery used to build hotels, commercial airplanes, and airport construction just to name a few To a greater extent, after the completion of construction, tourists as a group consume a tremendous amount of natural resources and produce an equally tremendous amount of waste. The influx of tourists into a community creates a transient but permanent population increase.Two major problems arise from a sudden population increase:à ‚   an over consumption of resources, and an over production of waste. Over consumption causes problems such as water shortages, frequent loss of electricity, and over fishing of local waters. The over production of waste is an ever-present threat to tourist communities. This shows itself in the form of water and air pollution, liter, and the frequent overflow of sewage systems. As a result of these types of waste many places experience loss of potable water, loss of local animal populations, and the spread of disease and infection.The degradation of local infrastructure results from the heavy traffic of cars and tour buses. This is especially a problem in developing nations where cars are not a household item and roads and bridges were not designed to withstand heavy traffic. In situations involving tourist oriented corporations that return most of their profits to their own countries, the host communities are left to foot the bill for repairing the damages. Cultural Impacts of Tou rism  are In addition to tourism's environmental impacts on host destinations; there are also many important cultural issues to consider.Some of these issues result from the environmental impacts that carry over into the community. For instance, the inability of local business owners to compete with large corporations. Development of land also causes land prices to rise so that local residents cannot afford to buy. Most tourists are oblivious as to the extent of the impact they have on their host community. The tourism industry has a tendency to view local people as either a pool of waiters, bellhops, laundresses, and gardeners; or performers and spectacles for the tourists to see. This is evident even in our own Native American reservations.Things as simple and thoughtless as a tourist walking through a local market in little more than a bathing suit, not only offend, but contribute to the undermining of social standards. This type of tourist behavior demonstrates a lack of respe ct for the local culture. As local residents witness this lack of respect, they also witness the fact that many of the tourists are enjoying luxuries (i. e. heated water for bathing) that are not available to them. The combination of these things can cause tension between the local residents and the tourist population.And often to a further extent there is an increase in crime, mostly in the way of petty theft and pick pocketing, but sometimes sexual assault. Ecotourism and Sustainable Development are Ecotourism is quickly becoming a buzzword with travel agencies and trendy traveler. It fronts many glossy advertisements and seeks to entice the nature loving tourist to â€Å"exotic† locations. However, it is found that the term is frequently being misused and misrepresented. Ecotourism is generally seen by the host destination as a good way to fund education and environmental conservation and protection.The tourism industry is now using â€Å"green tourism† as a marketi ng tool and it seems to be working. According to a 1995 Travel Industry Survey, 83% of travelers support â€Å"green† travel companies and are willing to spend more for travel services and products designed to conserve the environment. Finally, when properly practiced, ecotourism is carried out through things such as the use of alternative energy sources, by intensive recycling programs in tourist areas, and by using alternative transportation within a tourist area (i. e. bicycles, hiking, man powered boats).These are only a few examples of how ecotourism can be practiced. In essence, ecotourism is a manifestation of sustainable development. That is, economic, cultural, and environmental development that â€Å"meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs,†. By adopting the principle of sustainable development, all those involved in the tourism industry, tourism corporations, airlines, tourists, and reside nts of host destinations can achieve the practice of ecotourism and greatly reduce the impacts that tourism has on the host destination.Tourism is a fascinating industry in that it is our first â€Å"invisible† export industry. Although there are many beneficial aspects to tourism, it must be closely monitored and regulated in order to preserve itself and host destinations. It is the responsibility of everyone involved to contribute to the preservation of these host destinations. Local communities should not and cannot be expected to clean up after the tourist. Education of developers is also very important. It is important that the developers of the world realize that money can still be made from environmentally and culturally friendly tourism.Bigger is not always better. Especially where travel is concerned, smaller is often more attractive to the tourist that wants to â€Å"get away. † Local governments and conservation organizations everywhere can aid in policy imp lementation and regulation. Compliance should not be difficult if it is regulated and encouraged by everyone. We has reached a desperate point environmentally and action is imperative. If widespread construction continues, there will be no more tropical paradises, no more retreats into nature, no more â€Å"getting away. † The End The End

Financial Crisis The Recession Of 2008-2009 - 881 Words

The most popularly known subprime mortgage crisis came into lime light when a steep rise in home foreclosures in 2006 spiraled seemingly out of control in 2007, triggering a national financial crisis that went global within the year. The maximum blame is pointed at the lenders who created such problems. It was the lenders who ultimately lent funds to people with poor credit and a high risk of default. When Fed flooded the markets with increasing capital liquidity, its intention was not only to lower interest rates but it also broadly depressed risk premiums as investors sought riskier opportunities to bolster their investment returns. At that point of time, lenders found themselves loaded with capital for lending out and higher willingness to undertake higher risks in a surge to get greater investment returns. To overcome of the financial instability and housing price bubbles, Federal Reserve has to intervene to combat these issues. This paper will study the after-effects of 2008 – one of the most severe U.S financial crisis happened in the global economy. The recession of 2008-2009 was the longest and had its deeper effects. The sub-prime crisis of September 2008 affected not only US but it’s footprints across the globe. The financial economy across the globe suffered very badly, thereby leading the weakening of the economy. According to several economists, the crisis of 2008 was the most severe economic contraction, though less than the Great Depression. To maintainShow MoreRelatedThe 2008 Financial Crisis Essay1326 Words   |  6 Pagesintroduction The 2008 financial crisis led to a sharp increase in mortgage foreclosures primarily subprime leading to a collapse in several mortgage lenders. Recurrent foreclosures and the harms of subprime mortgages were caused by loose lending practices, housing bubble, low interest rates and extreme risk taking (Zandi, 2008). 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